تولید اپلیکیشن و تولید سایت در افغانستان

Before we learn about a database,let us understand about data
In simple words, data can be facts related to any object in consideration. For example, your name, age, height, weight, etc. are some data related to you. A picture, image, file, pdf, etc. can also be considered data.

What is Database?
A database is an organized collection of data, so that it can be easily accessed and managed. You can organize data into tables, rows, columns, and index it to make it easier to find relevant information.Database handlers create a database in such a way that only one set of software program provides access of data to all the users.

The main purpose of the database is to operate a large amount of information by storing, retrieving, and managing data. There are many dynamic websites on the World Wide Web nowadays which are handled through databases. For example, a model that checks the availability of rooms in a hotel. It is an example of a dynamic website that uses a database.

There are many databases available like MySQL, Sybase, Oracle, MongoDB, Informix, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, etc.
Modern databases are managed by the database management system (DBMS).

SQL or Structured Query Language is used to operate on the data stored in a database. SQL depends on relational algebra and tuple relational calculus.
A cylindrical structure is used to display the image of a database.

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 A mobile application, most commonly referred to as an app, is a type of application software designed to run on a mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet computer. Mobile applications frequently serve to provide users with similar services to those accessed on PCs. Apps are generally small, individual software units with limited function. This use of app software was originally popularized by Apple Inc. and its App Store, which offers thousands of applications for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch.

A mobile application also may be known as an app, web app, online app, iPhone app or smartphone app.

 Mobile applications

Mobile applications have become highly pervasive in recent years. Their quality is essential since application failures can lead to serious consequences, such as damage of corporate reputation or financial loss. The goal of this work is to identify and expose approaches that address the issue of quality assurance for mobile applications.

 Mobile applications

What do I need to download and use an app?
You need a smart phone or another mobile device with internet access. Not all apps work on all mobile devices. Once you buy a device, you’re committed to using the operating system and the type of apps that go with it. The Android, Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, and BlackBerry mobile operating systems have app stores online where you can look for, download, and install apps. Some online retailers also offer app stores. You’ll have to use an app store that works with your device’s operating system. To set up an account, you may have to provide a credit card number, especially if you’re going to download an app that isn’t free.

 Mobile applications

What types of data can apps access?
When you sign up with an app store or download individual apps, you may be asked for permission to let them access information on your device. Some apps may be able to access:
– your phone and email contacts
– call logs
– internet data
– calendar data
– data about the device’s location
– the device’s unique IDs
– information about how you use the app itself

 Mobile applications

Some apps access only the data they need to function; others access data that’s not related to the purpose of the app. Remember that someone may be collecting data on the websites you visit, the apps you use, and the information you provide when you’re using the device – whether it’s the app developer, the app store, an advertiser, or an ad network. And if they’re collecting your data, they may share it with other companies. If you are concerned about how your information is being shared, check the “privacy” settings on your device or look for ways to “opt-out” of data collection in the app privacy policy.

 Mobile applications

Why does the app I downloaded have ads in it? 
Developers want to provide their apps as inexpensively as possible so lots of people will use them. If they sell advertising space in the app, they can offer the app for a lower cost than if it didn’t have ads. Some developers sell space in their apps to ad networks that, in turn, sell the space to advertisers

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?A host, more fully known as a network host, refers to a computer device which helps communicate with other hosts on a network. It includes the clients and servers which send or receive data, services, or applications. The idea of server and client can be interchangeable because a host can function either as a client and as a server, or as both at the same time.

 host

In the field of mainframe computer environments, a ‘host’ represents a mainframe computer that provides host services to certain workstations. In this context, a ‘host’ is also known as a large server to the Internet audience.
In more general terms, the ‘host’ term is usually attached to a powerful device or program that delivers services to some smaller and less capable device(s) or program(s).

 host

Host vs Server
The terms host and server are often used interchangeably, but they are two different things. All servers are hosts, but not all hosts are servers. To avoid confusion, servers are often defined as a specific type of host, such as a web host or mail host. For instance, a mail host and mail server may refer to the same thing.

 host

While a server refers to a specific machine, a host may also refer to an organization that provides a service over the Internet. For example, a web host (or web hosting company) maintains multiple web servers and provides web hosting services for clients. A file host may provide online storage using multiple file servers. In other words, a hosting company hosts multiple servers that serve data to clients.

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Information technology is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems—particularly software applications and computer hardware. IT workers help ensure that computers work well for people.Nearly every company, from a software design firm, to the biggest manufacturer, to the smallest “mom & pop” store, needs information technology workers to keep their businesses running smoothly, according to industry experts.

More about information technolgy
The phrase “information technology” goes back to a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review. Authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler defined several types of information technology:
– Techniques for the fast processing of information
– The use of statistical and mathematical models for decision-making
– The “simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs.”

While many aspects of this technology are uncertain, it seems clear that it will move into the managerial scene rapidly, with definite and far-reaching impact on managerial organization,” they wrote.

Six decades later, it’s clear that Leavitt and Whisler were onto something big. Today, information technology refers to everything that businesses use computers for. Information technology is building communications networks for a company, safeguarding data and information, creating and administering databases, helping employees troubleshoot problems with their computers or mobile devices, or doing a range of other work to ensure the efficiency and security of business information systems.

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 Not all clouds are the same and not one type of cloud computing is right for everyone. Several different models, types, and services have evolved to help offer the right solution for your needs.First, you need to determine the type of cloud deployment, or cloud computing architecture, that your cloud services will be implemented on. There are three different ways to deploy cloud services: on a public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud.

Types of cloud computing

Public cloud
Public clouds are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service providers, which deliver their computing resources, like servers and storage, over the Internet. Microsoft Azure is an example of a public cloud. With a public cloud, all hardware, software, and other supporting infrastructure is owned and managed by the cloud provider. You access these services and manage your account using a web browser.

 Public cloud

Private cloud
A private cloud refers to cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single business or organization. A private cloud can be physically located on the company’s on-site datacenter. Some companies also pay third-party service providers to host their private cloud. A private cloud is one in which the services and infrastructure are maintained on a private network.

 Private cloud

Hybrid cloud
Hybrid clouds combine public and private clouds, bound together by technology that allows data and applications to be shared between them. By allowing data and applications to move between private and public clouds, a hybrid cloud gives your business greater flexibility, more deployment options, and helps optimize your existing infrastructure, security, and compliance.

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